An Examination of Healthcare Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities: The Role of Nurses at State Specialist Hospital, Maiduguri
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Background of the Study
Healthcare accessibility for persons with disabilities (PWDs) is a fundamental aspect of inclusive healthcare systems, yet it remains a major challenge in many parts of the world, particularly in developing countries like Nigeria. Persons with disabilities often face physical, economic, and social barriers that limit their access to healthcare services (Nwosu et al., 2024). These challenges are compounded by inadequate infrastructure, societal stigma, and a lack of trained healthcare professionals to address the specific needs of this population. Nurses, as frontline healthcare providers, play a pivotal role in ensuring that persons with disabilities receive equitable and quality care.
In Maiduguri, located in northeastern Nigeria, healthcare accessibility for PWDs remains a significant concern. The region has a high prevalence of disability, exacerbated by ongoing conflict and insecurity, which has displaced many people, including those with disabilities. The State Specialist Hospital in Maiduguri is one of the key healthcare providers in the region, and nurses at this hospital are critical in facilitating or hindering healthcare accessibility for PWDs. This study seeks to examine how nurses contribute to or limit healthcare accessibility for persons with disabilities at the hospital, with a focus on identifying strategies to improve care for this vulnerable group.
Statement of the Problem
Despite ongoing efforts to improve healthcare access for marginalized populations, persons with disabilities continue to face significant barriers in accessing necessary care. In Maiduguri, PWDs face infrastructural challenges, inadequate healthcare provision, and a lack of trained professionals, including nurses, who are equipped to meet their unique needs (Olowu et al., 2023). These challenges undermine the health outcomes of individuals with disabilities and perpetuate social inequalities. While nurses play a crucial role in addressing these barriers, little is known about the specific impact of their practices on healthcare accessibility for PWDs at the State Specialist Hospital. This study seeks to fill this gap by investigating the role of nurses in improving or impeding healthcare accessibility for PWDs.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the role of nurses in improving healthcare accessibility for persons with disabilities at State Specialist Hospital, Maiduguri.
- To identify the barriers faced by persons with disabilities in accessing healthcare services at the hospital.
- To recommend strategies for enhancing nurses’ practices to improve healthcare accessibility for PWDs.
Research Questions
- How do nurses at State Specialist Hospital, Maiduguri, contribute to healthcare accessibility for persons with disabilities?
- What are the primary barriers that persons with disabilities face in accessing healthcare at the hospital?
- What strategies can nurses adopt to improve healthcare accessibility for persons with disabilities?
Research Hypotheses
- Nurses at State Specialist Hospital, Maiduguri, play a significant role in improving healthcare accessibility for persons with disabilities.
- Barriers such as physical inaccessibility, insufficient training, and social stigma prevent persons with disabilities from accessing healthcare services at the hospital.
- Implementing targeted training and infrastructure improvements will enhance healthcare accessibility for persons with disabilities at the hospital.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on the role of nurses in facilitating healthcare accessibility for persons with disabilities at State Specialist Hospital, Maiduguri. Limitations include potential biases in self-reported data and the challenge of generalizing findings from a single hospital setting.
Definitions of Terms
- Healthcare Accessibility: The ease with which individuals can obtain the healthcare services they need.
- Persons with Disabilities (PWDs): Individuals who have long-term physical, mental, or sensory impairments that may hinder their full participation in society.
- Barriers to Healthcare: Obstacles that prevent individuals from accessing needed healthcare services, including physical, economic, and social factors.
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